Natural rubies are extremely precious gemstone varieties among corundum minerals.

In terms of color performance, its typical hue is bright red, ranging from light pink to deep crimson. Among them, the pigeon blood red color is the rarest and most uncommon. Such a bright and rich red color is attributed to the chromium element contained within it. The amount and distribution of chromium content directly affect the vividness and uniformity of the ruby's color.

In terms of hardness, the Mohs hardness of rubies reaches 9, second only to diamonds. This characteristic endows it with excellent wear resistance and long durability. At the same time, its high hardness also makes rubies require exquisite craftsmanship and special tools during processing and setting.

In terms of transparency, superior natural rubies usually have high transparency and are relatively pure inside. However, most rubies will have a certain amount of inclusions, fractures and other features. The types, sizes and distributions of these inclusions can sometimes be the basis for judging the origin and quality of rubies.

In terms of luster presentation, it shows a strong glass luster or even subadamantine luster, shining and dazzling under the illumination of light.

From the perspective of optical characteristics, rubies have significant dichroism. When observed from different directions, one may notice subtle differences in color tones. In addition, rubies also have obvious fluorescence and will emit a unique light under a specific light source.

In terms of physical properties, rubies have a large density, a high specific gravity, and good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.

Due to its rarity, charming color, excellent physical characteristics and unique optical performance, natural rubies are highly respected and cherished in the jewelry market.